Water, water everywhere! At least, we hope not. Here in New Jersey, basements and crawlspaces are very common if not universal. This creates a potential problem. There is water in the ground, at all times. The level can vary with the season and with precipitation. When the water level in the ground is higher than the level of your basement or crawlspace floor, hydrostatic pressure can force this water into your basement, causing flooding and serious damage to your home and contents. Sump pumps, properly called "de-watering" pumps can alleviate this problem. A circular pit is dug into the basement floor, usually two to 3 feet in depth. A porous cylinder is put into the pit. Cracked stone is put in between the cylinder and the side of the excavation. A small paving block is put at the bottom of the pit.

The excavation is cemented closed at floor level. Water seeks its own level and will always seek out a lower place rather than a higher place. The new pit is now lower than the basement floor. Water will flow into the pit before flooding your basement. The cracked stone surrounded the porous cylinder acts as a filter to prevent silt and dirt from entering the pit. The porous cylinder allows water to flow easily into the pit. The small paving block at the bottom serves as a secure base for the pump. De-watering pumps come in two basic types, upright and submersible. In an upright pump, the motor and switch mechanism is above floor level. These pumps should only be used in commercial boiler rooms, where hot boiler water might be drained into the pump pit. Steaming water will destroy the motor and controls of the other type of pump, the submersible. All components of a submersible pump are concealed within the pump pit. As the water level in the pit rises, a float switch turns the pump on. The pump, powered by a large motor is connected to a discharge pipe, which directs the flow of water out of the basement and away.

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