Heat Pump – skysea

Ground-Source Heat Pumps are used for space heating and cooling, as well as water heating. The technology relies on the fact that the Earth (beneath the surface) remains at a relatively constant temperature throughout the year, warmer than the air above it during the winter and cooler in the summer. GSHP systems do work that ordinarily requires two appliances, a furnace and an air conditioner and use 25%-50% less electricity than conventional heating or cooling systems.

Geothermal technology is suitable for integrated regional energy systems, rural electrification and mini-grid applications, especially in distributed generation systems, in addition to national grid applications. It is being promoted as a regional resource, combining the exploitation of renewable energy resources together with environmental advantages.

Geothermal energy is contained in the heated rocks and fluid that fill the fractures and pores within the earth’s crust. It can be harvested in two ways, direct use of hot water or steam for space heating or industrial use such as aquaculture, thermal baths and hot springs, and to power electricity generation plants. Direct use is confined to low temperatures, usually below 150o C whereas, power generation employs high temperature resources over 150o C. 80 countries have developed direct use of geothermal energy and 20 exploit geothermal energy for power generation. Direct low-temperature use employs about twice the energy capacity as is used for power generation.

Company Resource:   Heat Pump  Household Heat Pump  Swimming Pool Heat Pump
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To understand the impact of a higher quality filter on an air distribution system think of what happens if you apply a sheet of paper across the back grill of a floor fan. The airflow coming out of the fan will be dramatically reduced thus creating a greater load on the fan motor which increases its electric consumption and at the same time creates unneeded wear that will reduce its operational life. At the same time since the fan is designed to move a specific amount of air in attempts to draw air from any available area to get around the blockage. In a duct system this means that areas of leakage in the duct system that were previously considered small will now be increased in magnitude as the system tries to pull as much air as possible past or around the higher efficiency air filter. In some cases air quality in the home drops as particulates are sucked into the duct system downstream from the filter through duct leakage due to the high resistance of the new air filter.

Custom-built homes that utilize multiple returns throughout the house may suffer a lower incidence of duct leakage, excessive utility bills, and premature compressor failure with the addition of higher quality filtration, but it still requires good judgment and the knowledge of whether or not you’re air distribution system is functioning as designed.

Company Resource:   Heat Pump  Water Source Heat Pump  Waste Water Source Heat Pump
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It depends on several factors, including your own comfort level and what the indoor air quality is in your home. There are several factors to take into consideration, however. First and foremost, many health organizations agree that indoor air quality is often worse than outdoor air quality. In fact, for many people, indoor allergens and irritants such as dust, smoke and pet dander may be two to five times as bad in their homes as outdoors! There are several indications that you may benefit from an air purifier in your home. Reasons to get an air purifier include:

Allergy symptoms such as itchy, watery eyes and runny nose
Itchy, dry skin or frequent skin rashes
Asthma or other breathing problems
Being or living with a smoker
Owning indoor pets
Mold or mildew in your home

Company Resource: Mini-chillers  Industrial Air Conditioner  Modular Air Conditioner
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The rooms you use the most are the most important rooms for air purifier use. Your living area, such as a family room or den, should have an air cleaner, especially if you have allergies or pets that are in the room regularly, or if anyone in the household smokes. Bedrooms are also a good idea, since allergies and irritants can disturb our sleep. Clean, fresh air has been proven to produce more restful sleep and reduce night breathing problems while sleeping such as stuffiness, post-nasal drip and night coughing.

Finally, consider getting an air purifier in the bathroom, where odors, mold and mildew are prone to linger. An air cleaner in here can not only make it fresher and more pleasant, but reduce the amount of mold and mildew in the air so that your bathroom will be less of a breeding ground for germs.

Company Resource: Heat Pump  Household Heat Pump  Swimming Pool Heat Pump
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Ozone-Ionizer air purifiers do not clean the air of dust and allergens by filtration like HEPA filtered air cleaners do. Ozone/ionizer air purifiers use two steps to clean the air. The ozone purifies the air by oxidation. Ozone is a naturally occurring gas. It is created by nature when lightning cuts through the oxygen molecules in the air. It splits the O2 molecule into O3 which becomes ozone. These ozone-ionizer air purifiers work the same way when air is passed through an electrically charged ozone plate. The current passes through the oxygen in the air splitting the oxygen into O3 {ozone} The fresh clean after a thunderstorm smell the ozone-ionizer air purifier produces is the ozone that has just been created. The ozone penetrates into the cellular structure of odor, bacteria and fungus molecules, rupturing the cell wall of the contaminant. After this process is complete, the contaminants and odors are then oxidized and greatly reduced.

The second step in this system is the ionization. There are two types of ionization. The first and more common is needlepoint ionization where the particulates blowing out of the air purifier are charged with negative ions. These ionic charges attach to airborne particles such as smoke, dust, pollen, Dust-Mite allergen and animal dander. These dust particles and allergens are forced to quickly drop out of suspension in the air and out of the breathing environment and down to the ground to be vacuumed later. Needlepoint ionizers usually cover a five to seven foot area in the general area of the ionizer. The second type of ionizer is called radio ionization. Radio ionization is a newer technology that uses similar principles as needlepoint ionization except that the radio ionizer uses a specialized and safe radio wave that ionizes the air for approximately 50 feet right through the walls in all directions. With radio ionization, you can actually drop particles out of the air in surrounding rooms or areas. One unit can often cover an entire home.

Company Resource:   Heat Pump   Water Source Heat Pump  Waste Water Source Heat Pump
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Motor And Airflow Noise Factor—One of the most important things to look for when purchasing a HEPA air cleaners is to get a unit that is quiet so you can watch TV and sleep while it is operating. All air cleaners are loud when they are operating on high speed. This is because high speed is for quickly clearing the room. Most people operate their HEPA air cleaners around medium speed for everyday use.

Most of the inexpensive department store and chain store HEPA air cleaners are often very loud due to the fact that they use low quality motors that are poorly balanced with bearings that wear out to make more noise. The high quality HEPA air cleaners found in air cleaner specialty businesses are more powerful and much quieter because of their high quality motors and superior airflow designs.

Company Resource: Heat Pump  Ground Source Heat Pump  Air Source Heat Pump
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Many HEPA Air Cleaners and HEPA air purifiers include a certain amount of activated carbon to absorb and remove odors and out-gassing chemicals from the indoor air environment. Some of these carbon filters are mixed with a mineral called zeolite, which does a great job of absorbing ammonia and urine odors. The more activated or carbon and zeolite in the HEPA air cleaner, the more odors and out-gassing chemicals can be removed from your indoor air environment. Activated carbon and zeolite can remove a huge cocktail of chemicals that out-gas from carpeting, furniture, pesticides, paints, cleaning products and household building materials. Most quality HEPA air cleaners will include between 3 1/2 and 15 pounds of activated carbon. It is important to replace the carbon as needed.

The lesser the carbon the more often it should be replaced. Replacement carbon filters are normally inexpensive and easy to replace. Beware of low quality air cleaners that claim that they have activated carbon in them. Most of the inexpensive low quality air cleaners only use a very, very small amount of carbon dust that is impregnated into a replaceable sponge, foam or fibrous pre-filter. I can assure you that a few ounces of carbon dust will not do a good job of removing out-gassing chemicals and odors. Filters impregnated with carbon dust, is nothing more then a marketing scheme and it is all show and no go!

Company Resource:  Heat Pump  Water Source Heat Pump  Waste Water Source Heat Pump
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Acidity:Can water be acidic in taste? Most natural water, domestic wastewater and many industrial wastewater are buffered by a carbon dioxide-bicarbonate system. Acid waters are of concern because of their corrosive characteristics and the expense involved in removing or controlling the corrosion-producing substances. Mineral acids are measured by titration to a pH of about 3.7.

Alkalinity:When will the water be alkaline in taste? The alkalinity of natural water is primarily due to the salts of weak acids. Although, weak or strong bases may also contribute. Natural water contains appreciable amounts of carbonate and hydroxide
alkalinity. Higher alkaline waters are usually unpalatable. Alkalinity is measured volumetrically by titration with N/50 or 0.020 NH2SO4.

Hardness:Water is more often hard. Do you agree? Hardness is caused by metallic ions that are capable of reacting with soap to form a precipitate. Calcium bicarbonate, magnesium sulfate, strontium chloride, ferrous nitrate and manganese silicate are the major
sources for hardness in wastewater. Hardness is determined using ethylene-di-amine tetra acetic acid (EDTA) or its sodium salts as the titrating agent.

Chloride:Chloride is a major contributor to the ‘total dissolved solids’ in water/wastewater. The chloride content of water/wastewater increases as its mineral content increases. Chlorides at a concentration above 1000 mg/l give a salty taste, which is objectionable to many people. Chloride concentration of wastewater is estimated by Mohr’s method using silver nitrate with potassium chromate as an indicator.

Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD):The strength of wastewater is judged by BOD. This is defined as the amount of oxygen required by bacteria while stabilizing the organics in wastewater under aerobic conditions, at a particular time and temperature. This can be referred as BOD5, which accounts for 70% of the total BOD. The measurement of BOD is based on the principle: determination of dissolved oxygen content of water/wastewater on the first day and dissolved oxygen content on the fifth day (’5′ in BOD5 indicates this). The difference in dissolved oxygen concentrations between first day and fifth day is expressed as BOD of wastewater.

Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD):What does COD of wastewater mean? This reflects the concentration of organic compounds present in wastewater. This measures the total quantity of oxygen required for oxidation of organics into carbon dioxide and water. The oxidation of organics in wastewater is carried out by the action of strong oxidizing agents. Generally, acidified potassium dichromate is used as an oxidizing agent for the determination of COD. Silver sulfate is used as the catalyst for the oxidation of organics in wastewater during the determination of COD. Mercuric sulfate is added to control the interference of chloride in the estimation of COD. The method consists of adding a known concentration of potassium dichromate (added with silver sulfate and mercuric sulfate) into wastewater containing organic compounds to be oxidized in the heating condition. After oxidation, the excess potassium dichromate is back titrated with ferrous ammonium sulfate.

Importance of COD:Estimation of COD expresses the total concentration of organics present in the waste water. This measures approximately the theoretical oxygen demand of wastewater. The determination accounts for about 95% of the organic concentration in wastewater. This forms about 1.43 times the BOD of wastewater. BOD to COD ratio reveals the treatability of wastewater. If the ratio of BOD/COD is above 0.5, the wastewater is considered to be highly biodegradable. If the ratio is less than 0.3, the wastewater is deemed to undergo a chemical treatment before the routine biological treatment.

Company Resource:   Mini-chillers  Air Source Heat Pump   Modular Air Conditioner
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Fuel cells have already been used for decades for business and residential use. Stationary fuel cells can produce enough electricity and heat to power an entire house or business, which can result in significant savings – and they also can make enough power to sell some of it back to the grid. Fuel cells can also help provide electricity by working with large power plants to become more decentralized and increase efficiency. Most electricity produced by large fossil-fuel burning power plants are distributed through high voltage transmission wires over long distances. These power plants seem to be highly efficient because of their large size; however, a 7 to 8 percent electric energy loss in Europe, and a 10 percent energy loss in the United States occurs during long distance transmission. One of the main issues with these transmission lines is that they do not function properly all the time. It would be safer for the population if electricity generation did not occur in several large plants, but is generated where the energy is needed. Fuel cells can be used wherever energy is required without the use of large transmission lines.

Fuel cells can power residences and businesses where no electricity is available. Sometimes it can be extremely expensive for a house that is not on the grid to have the grid connected to it. Fuel cells are also more reliable than other commercial generators used to power houses and businesses. This can benefit many companies, given how much money they can lose if the power goes down for even a short time.

Company Resource:  Heat Pump  Water Source Heat Pump  Waste Water Source Heat Pump
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Electricity for residential and business use can be produced using a combination of wind, solar, and hydrogen fuel cells. There will also have to be intermediate solutions and cooperation between corporations, utility companies, and individuals in order to successfully transition to a renewable, hydrogen, and energy-efficient economy. Corporations will have to manufacture energy-efficient electronics and appliances, which minimize energy consumption, and automatically turn themselves off when not in use. Utilities and governments need to give incentives for people to use less energy, and individuals need to be more aware of the amount of energy that they are using. There is significant proof that the growth in the electricity demand can be decreased through the use of creating appliances and devices that are more energy-efficient, implementing building codes, financial incentives and helping individuals to voluntarily decrease energy use.

The U.S. Department of Energy recently conducted a study that investigated wind power, and found that implementing 600 GW by 2030 was feasible. If this actually occurred, this would be an estimated 50% of the United States predicted power use in 2030. One advantage of wind power is that it does not take a lot of space — the towers can be placed on farmland, (and just about anywhere else), without really getting in the way.

Solar photovoltaics (PV) are a technology that can be used immediately, and sales have been growing very strongly during the last decade. However, it still has a small market share due to the high costs of the solar panels. Concentrating solar power may be accepted faster than conventional solar technology because the costs are beginning to be competitive with traditional energy technologies. Concentrating solar power systems allow power plants to produce electricity from the sun on a larger scale, which in turn allows consumers to take advantage of solar power without making the investment in personal solar technology systems. Geothermal energy can also provide a significant amount of energy if it can be proven within the next few years.

Company Resource:   Heat Pump, Household Heat Pump, Swimming Pool Heat Pump
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